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Lowering Your Lighting Costs with Voltage Reduction
The mains voltage in the UK is normally 240V. In some locations and during certain periods of the day when demand is low it can even go as high as 250V. Lighting circuits are normally designed to work at 230V as this is the nominal voltage for the whole of Europe. Most lights can work happily down to 220V or even 210V.
Voltage Reduction products work by reducing the voltage to the lighting by 25 to 35 volts. This can typically save 25 to 35 % of the energy used.
What level of savings can be expected?
The list below outlines the different savings that can be obtained with different types of lighting when the voltage is dropped by different voltages.
T8 or T12 lamps with magnetic ballasts 25%
PL lamps 15%
Halogens 15%
Compact Fluorescents 11%
Metal Halides 22%
High Pressure Sodium 29%
Note: If T5 or T8 lamps with electronic ballasts are being used then there is negligible savings.
Is there a drop in lighting levels?
There is a small drop in lighting levels compared to that when the lamps are run at 240V. However since the lamps are specified at 230V, the drop is negligible when the lamp voltage is reduced to 220V or even 215V. There is a reduction also in the waste heat generated by the lamps.
The drop in lighting levels also depends on the type of lamp. For example with T8 & T12 fluorescent tubes,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], when the power saving is 25% the drop in lighting level is only around 12%. This effectively increases the efficiency of the lamps.
With Metal halides and High Pressure Sodium lamps the drop in lighting level can be higher. However in some applications this is not an issue. For example with street lighting, once the peak traffic flow has died down lighting levels can easily be reduced without compromising safety.
Is there any other effect on the lamps?
Running lamps at a lower voltage can result in an increase in the life of lamps which can lead to lower maintenance costs. This is due to lower stress on the lamp due to lower operating voltage producing less wasted heat.
How does Voltage Reduction affect the efficiency of lamps?
Efficient lamps convert more of the electrical energy to light energy. Below is a table that compares the efficiency of various types of lighting.
Incandescent tungsten light bulbs 2%
Halogen GU10 2%
T8/T12 lamps with magnetic ballasts 9%
LED lights 8-12%
Metal Halides 10-17%
Compact Fluorescents 8-11%
High Pressure Sodium 12-22%
T8 lamps with high-frequency ballasts 12-15%
T5 lamps with high-frequency ballasts 15%
T8/T12 lamps with magnetic ballasts and voltage reduction 11%
This shows that using the LEC or Ecolite with T8/T12 lamps fitted with magnetic ballasts can increase the efficiency of these lamps by about 2%. Although SON-T lights are very efficient,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], the colour of their lights makes them unsuitable for indoor lighting. Surprisingly LED lights are no more efficient than fluorescent lights that are used efficiently.
Which is cheaper: Voltage Reduction or converting to T5s with electronic ballasts?
This is easiest to compare by looking at some actual examples. Let? s take a circuit with 20 twin 5 ft fittings with magnetic ballasts.
The total power consumption including ballast loss is just under 2 kW. This circuit will require the 10A Voltage Reduction unit which will provide a saving of 25% of the electricity bill for a cost of just? 269.
Changing all the fittings to T5s with high frequency ballasts will cost around? 150 per fitting taking the total cost to around? 3000.
If the lower cost option of AdaptT5s is used to fit in the existing luminaries, then the total cost would be around? 1600.
In summary,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], using Voltage Reduction will lead to a 25% reduction in the electricity bill and a much shorter payback period when compared to changing to T5 fittings with high frequency ballasts.
What are the differences between T5,[link widoczny dla zalogowanych], T8 and T12 lamps?
These all refer to different types of fluorescent tube lights. They easily classified based on the diameter of the tube as follows.
T12 1. 5 inches
T8 1 inch
T5 0. 63 inch
T12 lamps are fitted with magnetic ballasts and are very inefficient when compared to T8s and T5s. T8 lamps are mostly fitted with magnetic ballasts but many are increasingly fitted with high frequency ballasts to save energy. T5s are all fitted with high frequency ballasts and one of the most efficient forms of lighting around.
How can I find what type of ballast is fitted?
This is very important to know as significant savings can be had by using Voltage Reduction on light fittings that use magnetic ballasts. These are switch start types and have a starter.
Fluorescent tube lights with magnetic ballasts flicker a few times before coming fully on when they are switched. Lights with high frequency ballasts (sometimes known as electronic ballasts) glow at the ends for a few seconds when switched on and then come fully on.
If there is no sign of a starter on the light fitting and the lights come on after glowing at the ends for a few seconds then these will have high frequency ballasts fitted and will NOT benefit from the Lighting Energy Controller or the Ecolite.
Summary? Saving Energy with Voltage Reduction
Voltage Reduction is a very cost effective way of reducing energy usage on lighting. It is a much lower cost option when compared to changing from magnetic to electronic ballasts. The savings obtained can vary depending on the type of lamp used.Topics related articles：

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